pompa centrifugalNdi makina amadzimadzi wamba omwe mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito zimachokera ku mphamvu ya centrifugal.

Zotsatirazi ndipompa centrifugalTsatanetsatane watsatanetsatane ndi kufotokozera momwe zimagwirira ntchito:

1.dongosolo lofunikira

1.1 Pampu thupi

• Zakuthupi: Chitsulo choponyera, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, mkuwa, etc.
• kupanga: Nthawi zambiri imakhala ngati volute, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa ndikuwongolera kutuluka kwamadzimadzi.

1.2 Impeller

• Zakuthupi: Chitsulo choponyera, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, mkuwa, etc.
• kupanga: Impeller ndipompa centrifugalZigawo zapakati nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu: otsekedwa, otseguka komanso otseguka.
• Chiwerengero cha masamba: Kawirikawiri mapiritsi a 5-12, kutengera kapangidwe ka mpope ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.

1.3 gawo

• Zakuthupi: Chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
• Ntchito: Lumikizani mota ndi chowongolera kuti mutumize mphamvu.

1.4 Chida chosindikizira

• mtundu: Makina osindikizira kapena chisindikizo chonyamula.
• Ntchito: Pewani kutuluka kwamadzimadzi.

1.5 Mapiritsi

• mtundu: Kudzigudubuza kapena kutsetsereka.
• Ntchito: Imathandizira shaft ndikuchepetsa kukangana.

2.Mfundo yogwira ntchito

2.1 Zamadzimadzi zimalowa m'thupi la mpope

• Njira yolowera madzi: Zamadzimadzi zimalowa m'thupi la mpope kudzera mu chitoliro cholowera, nthawi zambiri kudzera papaipi yoyamwa ndi valavu yoyamwa.
• Madzi olowera m'mimba mwake: Zimatsimikiziridwa potengera mawonekedwe a pampu ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe.

2.2 Impeller imathandizira madzi

• Impeller liwiro: Nthawi zambiri pa 1450 RPM kapena 2900 RPM (kusintha pamphindi), kutengera kapangidwe ka mpope ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
• mphamvu ya centrifugal: Chotsitsacho chimazungulira pa liwiro lalikulu loyendetsedwa ndi mota, ndipo madziwo amafulumizitsidwa ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal.

2.3 Madzi amayenderera kunja kwa thupi la mpope

• Mapangidwe othamanga: Madzi othamanga amatuluka kunja motsatira njira yothamanga ya chopondera ndipo amalowa mu gawo la volute la thupi la mpope.
• Kupanga kwamphamvu: Mapangidwe a volute amathandizira kusintha mphamvu ya kinetic yamadzimadzi kukhala mphamvu yokakamiza.

2.4 Zamadzimadzi zotuluka m'thupi la mpope

• Njira yotulutsira madzi: Madziwo amachepetsedwanso mu volute ndikusandulika kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi, ndipo amatulutsidwa m'thupi la mpope kudzera mupaipi yotulutsira madzi.
• Outlet diameter: Zimatsimikiziridwa potengera mawonekedwe a pampu ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe.

3.mphamvu kutembenuka ndondomeko

3.1 Kutembenuka kwamphamvu kwa Kinetic

• Impeller mathamangitsidwe: The madzi amapeza kinetic mphamvu pansi pa zochita za impeller, ndi liwiro lake kumawonjezeka.
• Kinetic Energy formula:( E_k = \frac{1}{2} mv^2)
  • (E_k): mphamvu ya kinetic
  • (m): Kuchuluka kwamadzi
  • (v): kuthamanga kwamadzi

3.2 Kutembenuka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu

• Kuchepetsa mphamvu: The madzi decelerates mu volute, ndi mphamvu kinetic amasandulika kukakamiza mphamvu.
• Bernoulli equation( P + \frac{1}{2} \rho v^2 + \rho gh = \text{constant} )
  • (P): Kupanikizika
  • ( \ rho ): kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi
  • (v): kuthamanga kwamadzi
  • (g): kuthamanga kwamphamvu
  • (h): kutalika

4.Magwiridwe magawo

4.1 Kuyenda (Q)

• tanthauzo:pompa centrifugalKuchuluka kwa madzi operekedwa pa nthawi ya unit.
• unit: Kiyubiki mita pa ola (m3/h) kapena malita pa sekondi (L/s).
• kukula: Nthawi zambiri 10-5000 m3/h, kutengera pampu chitsanzo ndi ntchito.

4.2 Kwezani (H)

• tanthauzo:pompa centrifugalAmatha kukweza kutalika kwa madzi.
• unitmita (m).
• kukula: Nthawi zambiri 10-150 mita, kutengera pampu chitsanzo ndi ntchito.

4.3 Mphamvu (P)

• tanthauzo:pompa centrifugalMphamvu zamagalimoto.
• unit: kilowatt (kW).
• Fomula yowerengera:( P = \frac{Q \nthawi H}{102 \nthawi \eta} )
  • (Q): kuthamanga (m3/h)
  • (H): Kwezani (m)
  • ( \ eta ): mphamvu ya mpope (nthawi zambiri 0.6-0.8)

4.4 Kuchita bwino (η)

• tanthauzo: Mphamvu kutembenuka mphamvu ya mpope.
• unit:peresenti(%).
• kukula: Nthawi zambiri 60% -85%, kutengera kapangidwe mpope ndi ntchito.

5.Nthawi zofunsira

5.1 Kupereka madzi a Municipal

• ntchito: Malo opopera madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina operekera madzi akutawuni.
• kuyenda: Nthawi zambiri 500-3000 m3 / h.
• Kwezani: Kawirikawiri 30-100 mamita.

5.2 Madzi a m’mafakitale

• ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poziziritsa kayendedwe ka madzi popanga mafakitale.
• kuyenda: Nthawi zambiri 200-2000 m3 / h.
• Kwezani: Kawirikawiri 20-80 mamita.

5.3 ulimi wothirira

• ntchito: Njira zothirira madera akuluakulu a minda.
• kuyenda: Nthawi zambiri 100-1500 m3 / h.
• Kwezani: Kawirikawiri 10-50 mamita.

5.4 Kumanga malo operekera madzi

• ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina operekera madzi a nyumba zapamwamba.
• kuyenda: Nthawi zambiri 50-1000 m3/h.
• Kwezani: Kawirikawiri 20-70 mamita.

Pezani kumvetsetsa bwino ndi deta yatsatanetsatane ndi mafotokozedwepompa centrifugalMfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndi machitidwe ake ndi kusankha maziko muzogwiritsira ntchito zosiyanasiyana.