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Ihame ryakazi rya pompe ya centrifugal
2024-09-14
pompeNi imashini isanzwe ya fluid ifite ihame ryakazi rishingiye ku mbaraga za centrifugal.
Ibikurikira nipompeAmakuru arambuye no gusobanura uburyo ikora:
1.imiterere shingiro
1.1 Umubiri
- Ibikoresho: Shira icyuma, ibyuma bidafite ingese, umuringa, nibindi.
- igishushanyo: Mubisanzwe muburyo bwa volute, ikoreshwa mugukusanya no kuyobora urujya n'uruza rw'amazi.
1.2 Impeller
- Ibikoresho: Shira icyuma, ibyuma bidafite ingese, umuringa, nibindi.
- igishushanyo: Impeller nipompeIbice byingenzi bigabanijwemo ubwoko butatu: gufunga, gufungura no gufungura.
- Umubare w'amababi: Mubisanzwe ibinini 5-12, bitewe nigishushanyo cya pompe nibisabwa.
1.3 umurongo
- Ibikoresho: Ibyuma bikomeye cyane cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ingese.
- Imikorere: Huza moteri na moteri kugirango wohereze ingufu.
1.4 Igikoresho cyo gufunga
- Ubwoko: Ikidodo c'imashini cyangwa kashe yo gupakira.
- Imikorere: Irinde kumeneka kw'amazi.
1.5 Imyenda
- Ubwoko: Kuzunguruka cyangwa kunyerera.
- Imikorere: Shyigikira igiti kandi kigabanya guterana amagambo.
2.Ihame ry'akazi
2.1 Amazi yinjira mumubiri wa pompe
- Uburyo bwo kwinjiza amazi: Amazi yinjira mumubiri wa pompe unyuze mu muyoboro winjira, mubisanzwe unyuze mu muyoboro woguswera na valve.
- Diameter y'amazi: Byagenwe hashingiwe kubisobanuro bya pompe nibisabwa.
2.2 Impeller yihutisha amazi
- Umuvuduko wihuta: Mubisanzwe kuri 1450 RPM cyangwa 2900 RPM (revolisiyo kumunota), ukurikije igishushanyo cya pompe nibisabwa.
- imbaraga: Uwimura azunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi utwarwa na moteri, kandi amazi yihuta nimbaraga za centrifugal.
2.3 Amazi atembera hanze yumubiri wa pompe
- Igishushanyo mbonera: Amazi yihuta atembera hanze kumuyoboro utembera kandi winjira mubice bya volute yumubiri wa pompe.
- Igishushanyo cyiza: Igishushanyo cya volute gifasha guhindura ingufu za kinetic zamazi mumazi yingutu.
2.4 Amazi asohoka mumubiri wa pompe
- Uburyo bwo gusohora amazi.
- Diameter isohoka: Byagenwe hashingiwe kubisobanuro bya pompe nibisabwa.
3.inzira yo guhindura ingufu
3.1 Guhindura ingufu za Kinetic
- Kwihuta kwimuka: Amazi yunguka imbaraga za kinetic mubikorwa byuwimuka, kandi umuvuduko wacyo uriyongera.
- Ingufu za Kinetic:( E_k = \ frac {1} {2} mv ^ 2)
- (E_k): imbaraga za kinetic
- (m): Ubwinshi bwamazi
- (v): umuvuduko w'amazi
3.2 Guhindura ingufu
- Kwihuta cyane: Amazi yihuta muri volute, kandi ingufu za kinetic zihinduka imbaraga zingutu.
- Ikigereranyo cya Bernoulli(P + \ frac {1} {2} \ rho v ^ 2 + \ rho gh = \ inyandiko {ihoraho})
- (P): Umuvuduko
- (\ rho): ubwinshi bwamazi
- (v): umuvuduko w'amazi
- (g): kwihuta kwa rukuruzi
- (h): uburebure
4.Ibipimo by'imikorere
4.1 Gutemba (Q)
- ibisobanuro:pompeIngano y'amazi yatanzwe mugihe kimwe.
- igice: Kubik metero kubisaha (m3 / h) cyangwa litiro kumasegonda (L / s).
- urugero: Mubisanzwe 10-5000 m3 / h, ukurikije moderi ya pompe na progaramu.
4.2 Kuzamura (H)
- ibisobanuro:pompeBashoboye kuzamura uburebure bwamazi.
- igice: Metero (m).
- urugero: Mubisanzwe metero 10-150, ukurikije moderi ya pompe nibisabwa.
4.3 Imbaraga (P)
- ibisobanuro:pompeImbaraga za moteri.
- igice: kilowatt (kwat).
- Inzira yo kubara:( P = \ frac {Q \ inshuro H} {102 \ inshuro \ eta})
- (Q): umuvuduko w'amazi (m3 / h)
- (H): Kuzamura (m)
- (\ eta): imikorere ya pompe (mubisanzwe 0,6-0.8)
4.4 Gukora neza (η)
- ibisobanuro: Guhindura ingufu za pompe.
- igice: ijanisha (%).
- urugero: Mubisanzwe 60% -85%, ukurikije igishushanyo cya pompe nibisabwa.
5.Ibihe byo gusaba
5.1 Amazi yo muri komine
- Koresha: Sitasiyo nkuru yo kuvoma ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi mumijyi.
- gutemba: Mubisanzwe 500-3000 m3 / h.
- Kuzamura: Mubisanzwe metero 30-100.
5.2 Gutanga amazi mu nganda
- Koresha: Ikoreshwa mugukonjesha sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amazi mubikorwa byinganda.
- gutemba: Mubisanzwe 200-2000 m3 / h.
- Kuzamura: Mubisanzwe metero 20-80.
5.3 Kuhira imyaka
- Koresha: Uburyo bwo kuhira ahantu hanini ho guhinga.
- gutemba: Mubisanzwe 100-1500 m3 / h.
- Kuzamura: Mubisanzwe metero 10-50.
5.4 Kubaka amazi
- Koresha: Ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi yinyubako ndende.
- gutemba: Mubisanzwe 50-1000 m3 / h.
- Kuzamura: Mubisanzwe metero 20-70.
Shaka gusobanukirwa neza naya makuru arambuye nibisobanuropompeIhame ryakazi ryayo nibikorwa byayo no guhitamo muburyo butandukanye.